Net making machine



MMR @L ER@ M. RROMANQV @WM NET MAKING MACHINE i Filed Dec. 17, 1934 L 3 sheets-shea l.

Snvgntor.'

777- E. /omawm/ Bui Gttornegs Mmmm 73, Egg@ @www A M. w. Rom/ummm4 NET MAKING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 17, 1934 7%., H. Hmmmwlf lnventor @ttm-nega @www Y MMM W M M; R. ROMANOV NET MAKING MACHINE Filed Deo. 3.7, 1934! 3 Sheets-Snead?l 3 atented Apr. 7, 1936 STATES PATENT GFFICE NET MAKING MACHINE Maxim Romanovitch Romanov, Rostov/Don, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 6 Claims.

This invention relates to a machine for making nets in which needles of the type of sewing needles are used, permitting the whole system to move across the shuttles.

In the drawings Fig. l is a side elevation of the machine, Fig. 2 the front elevation, Figs. 3 and 4 show some details of the machine.

To impart oscillatory motion to the shuttle in this machine following means are used.

The shuttle 2 is seated in a receptacle 3 made of two parts; within this receptacle it performs a reciprocal oscillatory moti-on through an angle of being actuated by the rocker 4, mounted on the shaft 5. The same shaft 5 carries a spur wheel t, that also performs a reciprocal motion, being actuated by the toothed segment 7. This segment is mounted on the shaft the other end of the segment I carrying a fork which engages the slide il of the crank-shaft I0.

As the crank-shaft Ill revolves the shuttle is continuously moved backwards and forwards by said driving means.

The receptacle 3 is enclosed within a race, which in its turn is constituted of two portions I l and I2. The portion I I is secured to the framing i3 of the machine, the other portion I2 is mounted on the axle I4 and is adapted to be turned about this axle if necessary.

Below the race I2 there is a tail portion with a slot through which extends a screw I5 provided with a shoulder; the threaded portion of the screw I5 lies within the rotatable nut IE. When it is necessary to remove the shuttle, the rocker l is turned to the diametrically-opposed side, so that the shuttle passes over to the race l2, thereupon the screw I5 is unscrewed and falls against the stop I2, then the race I2 is opened vwith the help of the handle I9.

The mechanism for forming the loops consists of a rod 2li, provided at its other end with a spur wheel (pinion) 2l engaged with the toothed rack 22. The pinion 2I and the rack 22 are enclosed within a box 23, which is closed on its top and is fxedly attached to a slide 24. On the other hand the rod 2l] extends through the guide-bar 25 which is fiXedly attached to the race II.

The front end of the rod 2Il is slotted so as to form two diametrical through grooves disposed at right angles to each other; the first groovethe shallow one-serves to draw the lower thread forwards, and the second-the deeper oneserves to let the needle pass into the loop formed. The loop is formed in the following manner: at rst the rod 2t moves forward in a straight line and draws the lower thread which lies in the shallow groove; after it has passed a certain distance the rod makes a turn of 270, winding (rolling) the thread round the periphery of the rod and forming an overturned loop; in the same time the deep groove of the rod becomes directed upwards and 6 is ready to receive the passing needle.

After the knot is formed the rod returns to its initial position by means of other mechanisms (which are described below) and throws off the knot formed, because the rod retires through the opening in the bar 25. Then the rod receives forward motion being actuated by the cam 26 on the shaft I0, the arm 2l and the roller 28 attached to the slide 24.

The rotary motion is imparted to the rod 20 by a cam disc 29, having a sine-shaped cam slot and sitting on the shaft IB, the movement being transferred through a lever 30 pivoted at 3|, a rack and a pinion 2|.

The cams 26 and 29 receive their motion from the same shaft Ill; their curved faces are designed in such a manner that the movement of the rod to and fro and its rotation for forming the loop and for throwing off of the knot are strictly timed with the operating of other mechanisms.

The cross-bar 32 with needles 33 moves vertically up and down, and when in its uppermost position is displaced through a space equal to the pitch between the shuttles. 30

Thus for one revolution of the machine the needle end describes a path having the form of a greek letter II.

The cross-bar receives its vertical motion from a cam 3d situated on the shaft IIJ, through the angular lever 35, connecting rod 36 and a parallel slide 3l.

The horizontal motion takes place along the guide-'members in the parallel slide 3l' and is promoted by means of two sine-shaped cams with sine-shaped grooves similarly to the motion of the rack 22 which imparts the rotary motion to the rod 20.

The shuttles according to the present invention are designed as semi-circular disks. During the knot formation, they make a return circular movement about their centers. The loops are formed by the rod 20.

The rods 20 are cylindrical members which have two crossed slots at one end and each rod 50 rotates on its axis to and fro at 270.

One slot is deeper than the other, the latter engaging the weft thread during the forward movement of' the rod and forming during its rotation at 270 a horizontally arranged loop.

The needle 33 having an eye at its end passes through the said loop and through the longer slot of the rod 2U whereupon the shuttle passes with its tip through the loop of the warp thread between the needle and the warp thread, the needle is lifted, the knot is formed on the rod 20 and thrown off the same on its return movement, the finished net being removed by the rolls.

The entire knot formation is effected during one revolution.

The mechanism for feeding the upper thread consists of three iron guiding rolls 38 provided with triangular grooves, of a wooden roll 39, of a bent lever with the thread-guide 40 and of a spring-loaded pressing-piece 4|, fitted with a soft rubber lining 42.

The upper thread comes from the bobbins situated under the ceiling, passes over the first guiding roll 38, makes a complete turn round the wooden roll 39, proceeds over the second guiding roll and through the thread-guide 40, then over the third guiding roll, thence through the eye of the needle 33 and nally passes into the slot under the bar 59.

When in the course of operation the upper thread must be withdrawn, the thread-guide 40 moves down; this sinking is effected by a cam 43 on the shaft 44 and cooperating with the roller 45 attached to the opposite end of the thread-guide.

During the further rotation of the shaft 44 the thread-guide returns to its initial position being drawn by the spring 46.

As it is necessary to check the movement of the upper thread at certain periods during the operation of the machine, there is provided for this purpose the rubber lining 42, that presses the thread against the roll 39.

This lining is actuated by the cams on the shaft 44 similarly as it has been described with respect to the operation of the thread-guide 40.

The mechanism for advancing the net consists of the first net-guiding roll 41 with short needles on its ends and the second guiding roll 48 which is similar to the first roll but is of larger diameter, the metallic bar 49, the first wooden roll (5G) and the second wooden roll (5|) covered with woolen cloth and the third metallic roll (52) with longitudinal grooves (flutes).

The rollers lli and 48 with needles on their ends serve to guide the edges of the net in such a manner, that the latter cannot be drawn together (contracted) towards its middle.

The bar i9 serves for the nal tightening of the knot. The three rolls 5E), 5| and 52 are coupled with each other by spur wheels.

The axle of the roll 5l is longer than the axles of two other rolls; on this axle is fixed mounted a ratchet-wheel 53, and a brace-piece 54 carrying two ratchets (pawls) 55 is freely turning round this axle.

To the brace-piece 54 is pivotally connected the bar 56, the other end of this bar being attached to the slide 5l', which may be adjusted at will along the guiding arm of the angular lever 58 by means of the screw 59.

Thus the advancing of the net is effected by the rolls which are turned periodically by the brace-piece 54 by means of the pawls 55 and the ratchet-wheel 53.

If it is necessary to alter the rate of feeding by the rolls, the slide 5l is pushed in one direction or in another along the arm 58 by means of the screw 59, so as to augment or to diminish the angle to which the brace-piece 54 is turned.

The lever 53 is pivotally mounted and one arm {il} thereof carries on its free end the roller 6l, abutting against the cam 63 fixed on the shaft 44. Therefore when the shaft 44 rotates, the mechanism for moving the net will receive a periodic motion.

The main shaft l of the machine is driven by a motor through a belt-drive, a reducing mechanism and a chain-drive with a sprocket wheel 64, keyed to this shaft.

On the other extremity of the shaft l0 is keyed a sprocket-wheel G which imparts the rotary motion to the shaft 44 by means of a chain 66 and a sprocket-wheel 61.

As indicated above, the ily-wheels 68 serve to turn the main shaft I0 by hand in the case of interruption of the operation of the machine, to adjust the position of the rocker shaft during the removal of the shuttle and for the change of the spools.

I claim:-

1. In a machine for knitting nets in which needles of the type of sewing needles, permitting of moving the whole system across the shuttles, are used, a frame, shuttle races mounted on said frame and having slots for the needles therein, shuttles mounted for rotary reciprocation in said races, means for reciprocating said-shuttles, a row of rods having intersecting grooves in the ends thereof, mounted to reciprocate above said slots, means for reciprocating said rods periodically over the slots of the shuttle races and means rotating said rods through one and a half turns.

2. The device as claimed in claim l, in which the means for rotating said rods comprises pinions mounted on the rods, a shaft mounted in the frame and means for rotating said shaft, a cam rotating on said shaft, a lever operated by said cam and a rack in engagement with said pinion operated by said lever and in which device a slide is mounted on the frame of the machine, and a box holding said rack and pinion is mounted on said slide, an angular lever, a second cam mounted on said shaft, one arm of said lever actuated by said cam and the other arm actuating the slide.

3. The device as claimed in claim l, in which the means for actuating the shuttles comprises a rocker in which the shuttle is mounted, a spindle on which said rocker is mounted, a pinion on said spindle, a crank shaft, means for rotating said shaft and a pivoted toothed segment engaging said pinion and having a forked end operatively connected with said shaft, said shaft also forming an element of the means for rotating and for reciprocating said rods.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, in which each race comprises two complementary parts, one rigid with the frame, a pivot rod mounted in the frame, on which pivot rod the other part of the race is pivoted, a forked tail piece on said last named part, means for adjustably holding the latter in position on releasing the same, and means acting as a stop for said holding and releasing means.

5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein mechanism for feeding the upper thread comprises three spaced rollers provided with triangular grooves, a thread guide arm having a roller mounted on the end thereof between the rst and second roller, an additional roller between the second and last of said rollers, a spring pressed arm with an elastic lining abutting said additional roller and individually adjustable timing means for operating said thread guide arm and said spring pressed arm.

6. In a device as claimed in claim 1, means for advancing the net comprising three rollers, spur Wheels gearing said rollers together, a ratchet wheel rotatably mounted on the axle of the middle roll, a brace piece having pawls mounted on said axle, a bar pivotally connected to said brace piece, an angular lever mounted in the frame of the machine to one arm of which said bar is slidably connected, means for holding said bar on said last named arm in adjusted position, cam means acting on the other arm of said angular lever to operate said bar in timed relation with the operation of the needles, whereby the feed. of the net may be regulated.

MAXIM ROMANOVTTCH ROMANOV. 

